Cognitive dissonance Pronunciation: /ˈkɒg.nɪ.tɪv ˈdɪs.ə.nəns/ (KOG-ni-tiv DIS-uh-nəns)
Definition: A psychological state that occurs when a person holds two or more contradictory beliefs, values, or attitudes simultaneously, leading to discomfort or mental tension. Individuals experiencing cognitive dissonance are motivated to reduce this discomfort, often by changing their beliefs, justifying their behavior, or minimizing the conflict.
Example: A smoker who knows that smoking is harmful but continues to smoke experiences cognitive dissonance and may justify the behavior by downplaying health risks.